To apply the filter(s) to your search, click the filter(s) on the sidebar. If you would like to cancel your selections, click Cancel or click on the X in the upper right corner to close the pop-up and return to your search results. This will close the pop-up menu and display your selections on the sidebar with the other filters. Within each category, select the filters you would like to add to the sidebar. Choose a category from the list of options on the left side of the menu: Article Type, Species, etc. A pop-up menu will appear showing the available filters for each category: article type, species, language, sex, subject, journal, and age. To display additional filters on the sidebar: The most popular filters are included on the sidebar by default. Subsequent searches will be filtered until the selected filters are cleared, or until 8 hours of inactivity. A check mark will appear next to the activated filter(s). Click the filter you would like to activate from the sidebar. You can use filters to narrow your search results by article type, text availability, publication date, species, language, sex, subject, journal category, and age. If you use a hyphen and the phrase is not found in the phrase index, the search will not return any results for that phrase. If you use a search tag and the phrase is not found in the phrase index, the phrase will be broken into separate terms, e.g., "psittacine flight" is not in the phrase index, so a search for psittacine flight is broken up and translated as: ((("psittaciformes" OR "psittaciformes") OR "psittacine") OR "psittacines") AND "flight". If you use quotes and the phrase is not found in the phrase index, the quotes are ignored and the terms are processed using automatic term mapping. Enclose the phrase in double quotes: "kidney allograft". You can bypass ATM and search for a specific phrase using the following formats: For example, if you enter fever of unknown origin, PubMed recognizes this phrase as a MeSH Term. 
However, many phrases are recognized by the subject translation table used in PubMed' s Automatic Term Mapping (ATM). PubMed does not perform adjacency searching. Boolean operators must be used when combining tagged search terms as follows: search term BOOLEAN OPERATOR search term. Use parentheses to “nest” concepts that should be processed as a unit and then incorporated into the overall search. PubMed processes searches in a left-to-right sequence.
NOT excludes the retrieval of terms from your search.OR retrieves results that include at least one of the search terms.AND retrieves results that include all the search terms.Enter Boolean operators in uppercase characters to combine or exclude search terms:
PubMed applies an AND operator between concepts, e.g., “vitamin c common cold” is translated as vitamin c AND common cold.
Enter the terms (or key concepts) in the search box.Ĭombining search terms with Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT). Identify the key concepts for your search.
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